Home » Serving sustainability – a practical overview for large-scale caterers 

Serving sustainability – a practical overview for large-scale caterers 

Highlights from ProVeg’s Future Plates guide to help caterers cut costs, reduce environmental impact, and serve everyone

Sustainability is now on everyone’s radar. Food systems are responsible for around a third of global greenhouse gas emissions,1 2 3 with meat and dairy products being among the major emitters and therefore, one of the largest contributors to climate change.4 5 6

With this in mind, large-scale events around the world are increasingly focusing on the food they serve. The most recent Olympic Games in Paris were applauded for putting sustainability at the heart of their catering strategy, while the COP28 UN Climate Change Conference in Dubai led the way with two-thirds plant-based catering. And since 2015, the Trellis Group has been actively working to reduce the carbon footprint of its event menus by eliminating red meat, expanding vegetarian and vegan offerings, and implementing waste reduction measures. 

At the recent June Climate Meetings in Bonn, ProVeg International launched our new sustainable catering guide, Future Plates

Principally aimed at caterers preparing for UN events and climate conferences (though useful for all large-scale caterers), it equips organisers with powerful arguments as to why being plant-forward is best for these important gatherings. The catering guide also includes best practices, case studies from other large events, and some great recipes. Let’s take a look at some of the key insights and recommended practices.

Benefits of implementing sustainable catering practices 

sustainable catering. A woman in an apron serves a hot drink to a smiling woman in business attire at a table with fruit, pastries, and cups at an indoor event.
Source: Pexels/Rdne

Adopting sustainable, plant-forward catering offers multiple benefits for consumers, public health, inclusivity, the planet, and budgets:

  • Delicious for consumers: Plant-based foods offer innovative, global flavours that appeal to modern diners seeking variety. Flexitarians and reducers – nearly half of consumers – prioritise taste, making flavour a key factor in their plant-based choices.7
  • Healthier choice: Balanced plant-based diets can prevent and even reverse many lifestyle diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers. They offer essential nutrients, fibre, and hydration while avoiding cholesterol and reducing the risk of foodborne illness.8 9 10 11 12
  • Inclusive and allergen-friendly: Plant-based meals accommodate diverse dietary needs – religious, cultural, ethical, and health-related – making them ideal for large, international events. They simplify catering logistics by offering a universally acceptable option.
  • Cost-effective for caterers: Plant-based ingredients like legumes, grains, and vegetables are often cheaper than meat and dairy, making them a smart choice for large-scale events. Reducing meat and replacing it with wholefood plant proteins can significantly cut catering costs while also lowering environmental impact.
  • Better for global health: Animal agriculture contributes to the spread of zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19, E. coli, and swine flu. Therefore, reducing animal-based products can lower the risk of future pandemics and protect global health.13 14
  • Better for the environment: Meat and dairy production are major drivers of greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, water use, and biodiversity loss. Shifting to plant-based diets can reduce personal carbon footprints by up to 50% and offer a powerful solution to climate change, especially important at events aiming to model sustainability.15
  • Supports food security and social justice: With the global population expected to hit 10 billion by 2050,16 feeding the world sustainably means shifting from inefficient animal agriculture to more resource-friendly plant-based systems. Producing food for direct human consumption rather than livestock feed could help eradicate hunger.17 18 19
  • Demonstrates compassion: Scientific evidence confirms that animals are sentient beings capable of emotion, intelligence, and social interaction. Choosing plant-based catering aligns with growing public concern for the treatment of farmed animals.20

Best practices for professional catering

sustainable catering. A person wearing gloves pours yellow soup from a blender into small, hollowed-out pumpkins arranged on plates, preparing an elegant dish in a kitchen setting.
Source: Pexels/Pietrozj

Below, you’ll find our recommended best practices for professional, sustainable catering. Implementing these methods can have a multitude of positive effects on your carbon footprint, including co-benefits.

  • Substitution: Swap animal-based ingredients in recipes for plant-based alternatives (for example, using tofu instead of chicken breast or oat milk instead of dairy). These substitutions are often simple and don’t affect taste or texture.
  • Reduction: Reduce the amount of animal-based products, such as meat, fish, dairy and eggs, in your recipes by simultaneously increasing the amount of vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds. Examples include blending plant-based ingredients into ground meat dishes or increasing the proportion of plant-based dishes available compared to meat-based dishes.21
  • Clever menu design: Instead of using ‘vegan’ labels on plant-based dishes, opt for small, neutral icons (like a small ‘v’ or leaf symbol) to inform your customers about key meal ingredients. Taking this approach means that customers who are looking for the information will find it, while other customers will not be put off by overly conspicuous labelling! Colour-coding menus and appealing images of plant-based dishes can also prove effective. Rather than prefixing dish names with ‘vegan’ or ‘meat-free’,22 use indulgent and enticing language that highlights the flavour, taste, and umami aspects of a meal (for example, words like ‘juicy’, ‘tender’, or ‘creamy’).23
  • Nudging: Motivate your customers to indirectly make healthier and/or more sustainable choices through positive naming of meals, smart menu design, attractive physical presentation, and strategic countertop placement. Nudging can also include placing meat alternatives in the meat section, pricing strategies that make plant-based meals more appealing, and plant-based-by-default strategies.
  • Training: Dedicated plant-based training can help your catering team gain confidence in sustainable, plant-based cooking skills and techniques, discover more about the benefits of plant-based nutrition as well as the positive impact on our planet, and learn to use familiar favourites as the basis for creating delicious, plant-based meals.24

Case studies for plant-based catering at scale

COP28

At the COP28 UN Climate Change Conference in Dubai, the catering was two-thirds plant-based. As part of this approach, COP28’s 1.5°C-aligned menu was designed to enable delegates to eat within a ‘daily food budget’, calculated to curb global warming to less than 1.5°C – the limit agreed under the 2015 Paris Agreement. 

COP28 also included a fully plant-based food park, with global plant-based vendor options, plant-based cooking demonstrations from celebrity chefs, and educational labels that provided the carbon footprint and water footprint of each item (all great nudges!). 

Further to this, COP28 hosted a climate-conscious catering workshop, which preceded the large-scale event and helped to prepare chefs, caterers, and related companies and organisations for the sustainable catering requirements of the conference. 

TED Countdown

TED Countdown events take a plant-forward approach to catering, designing menus in which vegetables, grains, legumes, and alternative proteins are the main event. The goal is to offer meals that are vibrant, globally inspired, and satisfying while simultaneously keeping sustainability and inclusivity top of mind.

While some events have been fully plant-based, TED Countdown also recognises the importance of cultural context when planning menus. By trying to strike the right balance, they move the conversation forward while staying respectful of local food traditions.

Oat milk is the standard beverage at all barista bars across TED events, a small but meaningful shift that supports the organisation’s low-impact goals and which has been widely embraced by attendees. They use subtle but intentional design strategies, such as listing vegetarian and plant-based options at the top of menus in order to help shift default choices without putting pressure on guests.

They also work with partners like Klimato to measure the footprint of their food offerings and collect survey feedback to understand what’s working and where they can improve. Their approach to sustainable catering continues to evolve, but so far, it’s been met with a lot of enthusiasm, and it’s something that the team is committed to building on.

Let’s make every plate count

sustainable catering. A large audience sits and stands in a dimly lit auditorium, facing a stage with bright screens. A woman in the foreground raises her fist, suggesting enthusiasm or support.
Source: Pexels/Jibarofoto

As global events strive to embody the values they promote, sustainable catering is no longer a nice-to-have, it’s a necessity. From COP28’s climate-aligned menus to TED’s quietly transformative food design, plant-forward dining can be both impactful and inspiring. 

By prioritising flavour, inclusivity, and environmental responsibility, event organisers have a powerful opportunity to lead by example, showing delegates, media, and the wider public what a sustainable future can taste like.

With Future Plates, ProVeg International offers caterers a roadmap to making that vision a reality. Whether you’re feeding 200 or 20,000, every plant-based plate served is a step towards a fairer, healthier, and more climate-resilient world. 

Read the full sustainable catering guide here, and let’s make every plate count. For more support on your alternative protein strategy, get in touch with ProVeg’s experts at [email protected] and subscribe to our newsletter and podcast.

Gemma Tadman

References

  1.  IPCC (2022): Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3056 pp., doi:10.1017/9781009325844.
  2.  Crippa, M. et al. (2021): Global anthropogenic emissions in urban areas: patterns, trends, and challenges. Environmental Research Letters 16 (7), IOP Publishing. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac00e2
  3.  Xu et al. (2021): Global greenhouse gas emissions from animal-based foods are twice those of plant-based foods. Nature Food volume 2, pp. 724–732. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00358-x
  4.  Poore, J. & T. Nemecek (2018): Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 360(6392), 987–992. doi:10.1126/science.aaq0216
  5.  Reinhard, G., Gärtner, S., Wagner, T. (2020): Ökologische Fußabdrücke von Lebensmitteln und Gerichten in Deutschland. Institut für Energie – und Umweltforschung Heidelberg (ifeu). Heidelberg. Available at: https://www.ifeu.de/fileadmin/uploads/Reinhardt-Gaertner-Wagner-2020-Oekologische-Fu%C3%9Fabdruecke-von-Lebensmitteln-und-Gerichten-in-Deutschland-ifeu-2020.pdf [Accessed 16.07.2024]
  6.  Xu, X., Sharma, P., Shu, S. et al. (2021): Global greenhouse gas emissions from animal-based foods are twice those of plant-based foods. Nature Food 2(9), 724–732. doi:10.1038/s43016-021-00358-x
  7.  ProVeg International, University of Copenhagen, University of Ghent (2023): Evolving appetites: an in-depth look at European attitudes towards plant-based eating. Available at: https://smartproteinproject.eu/european-attitudes-towards-plant-based-eating/ [Accessed 11.04.2025]
  8.  Qian, F., G. Liu, F. B. Hu, et al. (2019): Association Between Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine 179(10), pp. 1335. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2195
  9.  Zhao, Y., J. Zhan, Y. Wang, et al. (2022): The Relationship Between Plant Based Diet and Risk of Digestive System Cancers: A Meta-Analysis Based on 3,059,009 Subjects. Frontiers in Public Health Volume 10:892153. doi:10.3389/ fpubh.2022.892153
  10.  Quek, J., G. Lim, W. H. Lim, et al. (2021): The Association of Plant-Based Diet With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Prospect Cohort Studies. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Volume 8:756810. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.756810
  11.  Yokoyama Y, Levin SM, Barnard ND. (2017): Association between plant-based diets and plasma lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2017 Sep 1; 75(9): 683-698. Doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux030
  12.  Quek, J., G. Lim, W. H. Lim, et al. (2021): The Association of Plant-Based Diet With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Prospect Cohort Studies. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Volume 8:756810. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.756810
  13.  UN Environment (2020): Six nature facts related to coronaviruses. World Environment Day. Available at: https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/six-nature-facts-related-coronaviruses [Accessed 11.04.2025]
  14.  CDC (2020): Zoonotic Diseases. CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/one-health/about/about-zoonotic-diseases.html [Accessed:11.04.2025]
  15.  This refers mainly to diets in high-income countries. Assessments include: Hallström, E., A. Carlsson-Kanyama, et al. (2015): Environmental impact of dietary change: a systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production 91 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.12.008 Kustar, A. & D. Patino-Echeverri (2021): A Review of Environmental Life Cycle Assessments of Diets: Plant-Based Solutions Are Truly Sustainable, even in the Form of Fast Foods. Sustainability 13(17), 9926. Doi: 10.3390/su13179926 For a full overview on dietary emissions also visit FoodSystemData.org
  16.  United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024): World Population-Prospects: The 2024 Revision, custom data acquired via https://population.un.org/wpp/. Available at: https://population.un.org/dataportal/data/indicators/49/locations/900/start/2025/end/2050/table/pivotbylocation?df=b74067a9-0f1b-46e6-99af-85aeecda640d [Accessed 11.04.2025]
  17.  Erb, K.-H., C. Lauk, T. Kastner, et al. (2016): Exploring the biophysical option space for feeding the world without deforestation. Nature Communications 7 11382. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11382
  18.  Gerten, D., V. Heck, J. Jägermeyr, et al. (2020): Feeding ten billion people is possible within four terrestrial planetary boundaries. Nature Sustainability 3(3), 200–208. doi: 10.1038/s41893-019-0465-1
  19.  Cassidy, E. S., P. C. West, J. S. Gerber, et al. (2013): Redefining agricultural yields: from tonnes to people nourished per hectare. Environmental Research Letters 8(3), 034015. Doi: 10.1088/1748- 9326/8/3/034015
  20.  The New York Declaration on Animal Consciousness (2024). Available at: https://sites. google.com/nyu.edu/nydeclaration/ declaration?authuser=0 [Accessed 11.04.2025]
  21.  Pollicino, D., S. Blondin, and S. Attwood (2024): The food service playbook for promoting sustainable food choices. Report. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute, p. 23. doi.org/10.46830/wrirpt.22.00151
  22.  Pollicino, D., S. Blondin, and S. Attwood (2024): The food service playbook for promoting sustainable food choices. Report. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute, pp. 25-26. Doi.org/10.46830/wrirpt.22.00151
  23.  Pollicino, D., S. Blondin, and S. Attwood (2024): The food service playbook for promoting sustainable food choices. Report. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute, pp. 25-26. Doi. org/10.46830/wrirpt.22.00151
  24.  ProVeg UK, “School Plates. The Guide”, p. 13. Available for download at School Plates – ProVeg UK

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